This report elaborates the market size, market characteristics, and market growth of the Thermoset Composites industry, and breaks down according to the type, application, and consumption area of Thermoset Composites. The report also conducted a PESTEL analysis of the industry to study the main influencing factors and entry barriers of the industry.

In Chapter 3.4 of the report, the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the industry was fully assessed. Fully risk assessment and industry recommendations were made for Thermoset Composites in a special period. This chapter also compares the markets of Pre COVID-19 and Post COVID-19.
In addition, chapters 8-12 consider the impact of COVID-19 on the regional economy.

Key players in the global Thermoset Composites market covered in Chapter 13:
Huntsman Corporation
Hexion Inc.
Toray Industries Inc.
Jushi Group Co., Ltd
Kemrock Industries and Exports Limited
Chongqing Polycomp International Corporation
Taekwang Industries Co Ltd.
SGL Group
Mitsubishi Rayon
Owens Corning
Johns Manville Corporation
Hexcel Corporation
PPG Industries Inc.
Cytec Industries Inc.
Carbon Mods
Teijin Limited
AGY Holdings

In Chapter 6, on the basis of types, the Thermoset Composites market from 2015 to 2025 is primarily split into:
Polyester
Epoxy
Vinyl Ester
Phenolic
Polyurethane
Others

In Chapter 7, on the basis of applications, the Thermoset Composites market from 2015 to 2025 covers:
Transportation
Construction & Infrastructure
Electrical & Electronics
Sporting Goods
Others

Geographically, the detailed analysis of production, trade of the following countries is covered in Chapter 4.2, 5:
United States
Europe
China
Japan
India

Geographically, the detailed analysis of consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate of the following regions are covered in Chapter 8, 9, 10, 11, 12:
North America (Covered in Chapter 8)
United States
Canada
Mexico
Europe (Covered in Chapter 9)
Germany
UK
France
Italy
Spain
Others
Asia-Pacific (Covered in Chapter 10)
China
Japan
India
South Korea
Southeast Asia
Others
Middle East and Africa (Covered in Chapter 11)
Saudi Arabia
UAE
South Africa
Others
South America (Covered in Chapter 12)
Brazil
Others

Years considered for this report:
Historical Years: 2015-2019
Base Year: 2019
Estimated Year: 2020
Forecast Period: 2020-2025

Table of Content

1 Thermoset Composites Market - Research Scope
1.1 Study Goals
1.2 Market Definition and Scope
1.3 Key Market Segments
1.4 Study and Forecasting Years

2 Thermoset Composites Market - Research Methodology
2.1 Methodology
2.2 Research Data Source
2.2.1 Secondary Data
2.2.2 Primary Data
2.2.3 Market Size Estimation
2.2.4 Legal Disclaimer

3 Thermoset Composites Market Forces
3.1 Global Thermoset Composites Market Size
3.2 Top Impacting Factors (PESTEL Analysis)
3.2.1 Political Factors
3.2.2 Economic Factors
3.2.3 Social Factors
3.2.4 Technological Factors
3.2.5 Environmental Factors
3.2.6 Legal Factors
3.3 Industry Trend Analysis
3.4 Industry Trends Under COVID-19
3.4.1 Risk Assessment on COVID-19
3.4.2 Assessment of the Overall Impact of COVID-19 on the Industry
3.4.3 Pre COVID-19 and Post COVID-19 Market Scenario
3.5 Industry Risk Assessment

4 Thermoset Composites Market - By Geography
4.1 Global Thermoset Composites Market Value and Market Share by Regions
4.1.1 Global Thermoset Composites Value ($) by Region (2015-2020)
4.1.2 Global Thermoset Composites Value Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
4.2 Global Thermoset Composites Market Production and Market Share by Major Countries
4.2.1 Global Thermoset Composites Production by Major Countries (2015-2020)
4.2.2 Global Thermoset Composites Production Market Share by Major Countries (2015-2020)
4.3 Global Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Market Share by Regions
4.3.1 Global Thermoset Composites Consumption by Regions (2015-2020)
4.3.2 Global Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)

5 Thermoset Composites Market - By Trade Statistics
5.1 Global Thermoset Composites Export and Import
5.2 United States Thermoset Composites Export and Import (2015-2020)
5.3 Europe Thermoset Composites Export and Import (2015-2020)
5.4 China Thermoset Composites Export and Import (2015-2020)
5.5 Japan Thermoset Composites Export and Import (2015-2020)
5.6 India Thermoset Composites Export and Import (2015-2020)
5.7 ...

6 Thermoset Composites Market - By Type
6.1 Global Thermoset Composites Production and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
6.1.1 Global Thermoset Composites Production by Types (2015-2020)
6.1.2 Global Thermoset Composites Production Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
6.2 Global Thermoset Composites Value and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
6.2.1 Global Thermoset Composites Value by Types (2015-2020)
6.2.2 Global Thermoset Composites Value Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
6.3 Global Thermoset Composites Production, Price and Growth Rate of Polyester (2015-2020)
6.4 Global Thermoset Composites Production, Price and Growth Rate of Epoxy (2015-2020)
6.5 Global Thermoset Composites Production, Price and Growth Rate of Vinyl Ester (2015-2020)
6.6 Global Thermoset Composites Production, Price and Growth Rate of Phenolic (2015-2020)
6.7 Global Thermoset Composites Production, Price and Growth Rate of Polyurethane (2015-2020)
6.8 Global Thermoset Composites Production, Price and Growth Rate of Others (2015-2020)

7 Thermoset Composites Market - By Application
7.1 Global Thermoset Composites Consumption and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
7.1.1 Global Thermoset Composites Consumption by Applications (2015-2020)
7.1.2 Global Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
7.2 Global Thermoset Composites Consumption and Growth Rate of Transportation (2015-2020)
7.3 Global Thermoset Composites Consumption and Growth Rate of Construction & Infrastructure (2015-2020)
7.4 Global Thermoset Composites Consumption and Growth Rate of Electrical & Electronics (2015-2020)
7.5 Global Thermoset Composites Consumption and Growth Rate of Sporting Goods (2015-2020)
7.6 Global Thermoset Composites Consumption and Growth Rate of Others (2015-2020)

8 North America Thermoset Composites Market
8.1 North America Thermoset Composites Market Size
8.2 United States Thermoset Composites Market Size
8.3 Canada Thermoset Composites Market Size
8.4 Mexico Thermoset Composites Market Size
8.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on North America Market

9 Europe Thermoset Composites Market Analysis
9.1 Europe Thermoset Composites Market Size
9.2 Germany Thermoset Composites Market Size
9.3 United Kingdom Thermoset Composites Market Size
9.4 France Thermoset Composites Market Size
9.5 Italy Thermoset Composites Market Size
9.6 Spain Thermoset Composites Market Size
9.7 The Influence of COVID-19 on Europe Market

10 Asia-Pacific Thermoset Composites Market Analysis
10.1 Asia-Pacific Thermoset Composites Market Size
10.2 China Thermoset Composites Market Size
10.3 Japan Thermoset Composites Market Size
10.4 South Korea Thermoset Composites Market Size
10.5 Southeast Asia Thermoset Composites Market Size
10.6 India Thermoset Composites Market Size
10.7 The Influence of COVID-19 on Asia Pacific Market

11 Middle East and Africa Thermoset Composites Market Analysis
11.1 Middle East and Africa Thermoset Composites Market Size
11.2 Saudi Arabia Thermoset Composites Market Size
11.3 UAE Thermoset Composites Market Size
11.4 South Africa Thermoset Composites Market Size
11.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Middle East and Africa Market

12 South America Thermoset Composites Market Analysis
12.1 South America Thermoset Composites Market Size
12.2 Brazil Thermoset Composites Market Size
12.3 The Influence of COVID-19 on South America Market

13 Company Profiles
13.1 Huntsman Corporation
13.1.1 Huntsman Corporation Basic Information
13.1.2 Huntsman Corporation Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.1.3 Huntsman Corporation Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.2 Hexion Inc.
13.2.1 Hexion Inc. Basic Information
13.2.2 Hexion Inc. Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.2.3 Hexion Inc. Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.3 Toray Industries Inc.
13.3.1 Toray Industries Inc. Basic Information
13.3.2 Toray Industries Inc. Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.3.3 Toray Industries Inc. Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.4 Jushi Group Co., Ltd
13.4.1 Jushi Group Co., Ltd Basic Information
13.4.2 Jushi Group Co., Ltd Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.4.3 Jushi Group Co., Ltd Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.5 Kemrock Industries and Exports Limited
13.5.1 Kemrock Industries and Exports Limited Basic Information
13.5.2 Kemrock Industries and Exports Limited Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.5.3 Kemrock Industries and Exports Limited Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.6 Chongqing Polycomp International Corporation
13.6.1 Chongqing Polycomp International Corporation Basic Information
13.6.2 Chongqing Polycomp International Corporation Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.6.3 Chongqing Polycomp International Corporation Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.7 Taekwang Industries Co Ltd.
13.7.1 Taekwang Industries Co Ltd. Basic Information
13.7.2 Taekwang Industries Co Ltd. Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.7.3 Taekwang Industries Co Ltd. Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.8 SGL Group
13.8.1 SGL Group Basic Information
13.8.2 SGL Group Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.8.3 SGL Group Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.9 Mitsubishi Rayon
13.9.1 Mitsubishi Rayon Basic Information
13.9.2 Mitsubishi Rayon Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.9.3 Mitsubishi Rayon Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.10 Owens Corning
13.10.1 Owens Corning Basic Information
13.10.2 Owens Corning Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.10.3 Owens Corning Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.11 Johns Manville Corporation
13.11.1 Johns Manville Corporation Basic Information
13.11.2 Johns Manville Corporation Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.11.3 Johns Manville Corporation Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.12 Hexcel Corporation
13.12.1 Hexcel Corporation Basic Information
13.12.2 Hexcel Corporation Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.12.3 Hexcel Corporation Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.13 PPG Industries Inc.
13.13.1 PPG Industries Inc. Basic Information
13.13.2 PPG Industries Inc. Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.13.3 PPG Industries Inc. Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.14 Cytec Industries Inc.
13.14.1 Cytec Industries Inc. Basic Information
13.14.2 Cytec Industries Inc. Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.14.3 Cytec Industries Inc. Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.15 Carbon Mods
13.15.1 Carbon Mods Basic Information
13.15.2 Carbon Mods Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.15.3 Carbon Mods Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.16 Teijin Limited
13.16.1 Teijin Limited Basic Information
13.16.2 Teijin Limited Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.16.3 Teijin Limited Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.17 AGY Holdings
13.17.1 AGY Holdings Basic Information
13.17.2 AGY Holdings Product Profiles, Application and Specification
13.17.3 AGY Holdings Thermoset Composites Market Performance (2015-2020)

14 Market Forecast - By Regions
14.1 North America Thermoset Composites Market Forecast (2020-2025)
14.2 Europe Thermoset Composites Market Forecast (2020-2025)
14.3 Asia-Pacific Thermoset Composites Market Forecast (2020-2025)
14.4 Middle East and Africa Thermoset Composites Market Forecast (2020-2025)
14.5 South America Thermoset Composites Market Forecast (2020-2025)

15 Market Forecast - By Type and Applications
15.1 Global Thermoset Composites Market Forecast by Types (2020-2025)
15.1.1 Global Thermoset Composites Market Forecast Production and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
15.1.2 Global Thermoset Composites Market Forecast Value and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
15.2 Global Thermoset Composites Market Forecast by Applications (2020-2025)

List of Tables and Figures

Figure Thermoset Composites Picture
Table Thermoset Composites Key Market Segments
Figure Study and Forecasting Years
Figure Global Thermoset Composites Market Size and Growth Rate 2015-2025
Figure Industry PESTEL Analysis
Figure Global COVID-19 Status
Figure Market Size Forecast Comparison of Pre COVID-19 and Post COVID-19
Figure Global Thermoset Composites Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Value ($) by Countries (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Value Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Thermoset Composites Value Market Share by Regions in 2019
Figure Global Thermoset Composites Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Production by Major Countries (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Production Market Share by Major Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Global Thermoset Composites Production Market Share by Regions in 2019
Figure Global Thermoset Composites Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Consumption by Regions (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Regions in 2019
Table Global Thermoset Composites Export Top 3 Country 2019
Table Global Thermoset Composites Import Top 3 Country 2019
Table United States Thermoset Composites Export and Import (2015-2020)
Table Europe Thermoset Composites Export and Import (2015-2020)
Table China Thermoset Composites Export and Import (2015-2020)
Table Japan Thermoset Composites Export and Import (2015-2020)
Table India Thermoset Composites Export and Import (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Production by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Production Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
Figure Global Thermoset Composites Production Share by Type (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Value by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Value Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
Figure Global Thermoset Composites Value Share by Type (2015-2020)
Figure Global Polyester Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Polyester Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Epoxy Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Epoxy Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Vinyl Ester Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Vinyl Ester Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Phenolic Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Phenolic Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Polyurethane Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Polyurethane Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Others Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Others Price (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Consumption by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
Figure Global Thermoset Composites Consumption Share by Application (2015-2020)
Figure Global Transportation Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Construction & Infrastructure Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Electrical & Electronics Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Sporting Goods Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Others Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table North America Thermoset Composites Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
Table North America Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure North America Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure United States Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Canada Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Mexico Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America COVID-19 Status
Figure Europe Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Europe Thermoset Composites Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
Table Europe Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Germany Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure United Kingdom Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure France Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Italy Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Spain Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe COVID-19 Status
Figure Asia-Pacific Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific Thermoset Composites Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure China Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Japan Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Korea Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Southeast Asia Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure India Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia Pacific COVID-19 Status
Figure Middle East and Africa Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Middle East and Africa Thermoset Composites Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
Table Middle East and Africa Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Saudi Arabia Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure UAE Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Africa Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table South America Thermoset Composites Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
Table South America Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure South America Thermoset Composites Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Brazil Thermoset Composites Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Huntsman Corporation Company Profile
Table Huntsman Corporation Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Huntsman Corporation Production and Growth Rate
Figure Huntsman Corporation Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Hexion Inc. Company Profile
Table Hexion Inc. Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Hexion Inc. Production and Growth Rate
Figure Hexion Inc. Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Toray Industries Inc. Company Profile
Table Toray Industries Inc. Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Toray Industries Inc. Production and Growth Rate
Figure Toray Industries Inc. Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Jushi Group Co., Ltd Company Profile
Table Jushi Group Co., Ltd Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Jushi Group Co., Ltd Production and Growth Rate
Figure Jushi Group Co., Ltd Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Kemrock Industries and Exports Limited Company Profile
Table Kemrock Industries and Exports Limited Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Kemrock Industries and Exports Limited Production and Growth Rate
Figure Kemrock Industries and Exports Limited Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Chongqing Polycomp International Corporation Company Profile
Table Chongqing Polycomp International Corporation Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Chongqing Polycomp International Corporation Production and Growth Rate
Figure Chongqing Polycomp International Corporation Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Taekwang Industries Co Ltd. Company Profile
Table Taekwang Industries Co Ltd. Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Taekwang Industries Co Ltd. Production and Growth Rate
Figure Taekwang Industries Co Ltd. Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table SGL Group Company Profile
Table SGL Group Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure SGL Group Production and Growth Rate
Figure SGL Group Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Mitsubishi Rayon Company Profile
Table Mitsubishi Rayon Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Mitsubishi Rayon Production and Growth Rate
Figure Mitsubishi Rayon Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Owens Corning Company Profile
Table Owens Corning Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Owens Corning Production and Growth Rate
Figure Owens Corning Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Johns Manville Corporation Company Profile
Table Johns Manville Corporation Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Johns Manville Corporation Production and Growth Rate
Figure Johns Manville Corporation Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Hexcel Corporation Company Profile
Table Hexcel Corporation Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Hexcel Corporation Production and Growth Rate
Figure Hexcel Corporation Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table PPG Industries Inc. Company Profile
Table PPG Industries Inc. Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure PPG Industries Inc. Production and Growth Rate
Figure PPG Industries Inc. Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Cytec Industries Inc. Company Profile
Table Cytec Industries Inc. Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Cytec Industries Inc. Production and Growth Rate
Figure Cytec Industries Inc. Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Carbon Mods Company Profile
Table Carbon Mods Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Carbon Mods Production and Growth Rate
Figure Carbon Mods Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Teijin Limited Company Profile
Table Teijin Limited Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Teijin Limited Production and Growth Rate
Figure Teijin Limited Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table AGY Holdings Company Profile
Table AGY Holdings Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure AGY Holdings Production and Growth Rate
Figure AGY Holdings Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Figure North America Market Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Europe Market Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Asia-Pacific Market Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Middle East and Africa Market Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure South America Market Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Market Forecast Production by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Market Forecast Production Share by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Market Forecast Value ($) by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Market Forecast Value Share by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Market Forecast Consumption by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Thermoset Composites Market Forecast Consumption Share by Applications (2020-2025)